An fara samar da gilashin fiberglass a kasar Sin a shekara ta 1958, kuma babban aikin gyare-gyaren shine tsararrun hannu.Bisa ga kididdigar da ba ta cika ba, fiye da kashi 70% na fiberglass an kafa ta hannu.Tare da ci gaba mai ƙarfi na masana'antar fiberglass na cikin gida, ƙaddamar da fasahar zamani da kayan aiki daga ƙasashen waje, irin su manyan injunan jujjuyawar atomatik, ci gaba da samar da farantin farantin ƙarfe, sassan gyare-gyaren extrusion, da dai sauransu, rata tare da ƙasashen waje ya ragu sosai. .Ko da manyan kayan aiki suna da cikakkiyar fa'ida kamar ingantaccen samarwa, ingantaccen inganci da ƙarancin farashi, gilashin filasta na hannu har yanzu ba a iya maye gurbinsu da manyan kayan aiki a wuraren gine-gine, lokatai na musamman, ƙananan saka hannun jari, mai sauƙi da dacewa, da ƙaramin gyare-gyare.A shekarar 2021, samar da gilashin fiberglass na kasar Sin ya kai tan miliyan 5, tare da wani muhimmin kaso na kayayyakin fiberglass da aka shimfida da hannu.A cikin aikin injiniya na hana lalata, yawancin samar da fiberglass a kan wurin kuma ana yin su ta hanyar dabarun kwanciya da hannu, kamar su filastik filastik don tankunan najasa, filastik filastik don tankunan ajiyar acid da alkali, shimfidar fiberglass mai jure acid, da rigakafin waje. -lalata bututun da aka binne.Don haka, fiberglass ɗin guduro da aka samar a cikin aikin injiniyan yaƙi da lalata duk wani tsari ne da hannu.
Fiberglass ƙarfafa filastik (FRP) kayan haɗin gwal suna lissafin sama da 90% na jimlar adadin kayan da aka haɗa, wanda ya sa ya zama kayan haɗaɗɗun kayan da aka fi amfani da su a yau.An yi shi ne da kayan ƙarfafa fiberglass, roba na resin adhesives, da kayan taimako ta hanyar takamaiman hanyoyin gyare-gyare, kuma fasahar FRP da aka shimfiɗa ta hannu tana ɗaya daga cikinsu.Gilashin da aka shimfiɗa da hannu yana da lahani mafi inganci idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar injina, wanda kuma shine babban dalilin da yasa samar da fiberglass na zamani ya fi son kayan aikin inji.Gilashin da aka ɗora da hannu ya dogara da ƙwarewa, matakin aiki, da balaga na ma'aikatan gini don sarrafa inganci.Don haka, ga ma'aikatan ginin fiberglass da aka shimfiɗa hannu, horar da ƙwarewa da taƙaitaccen gogewa, da kuma yin amfani da abubuwan da suka gaza don ilimi, don guje wa maimaita lahani mai inganci a cikin gilashin fiberglass ɗin hannu, haifar da asarar tattalin arziki da tasirin zamantakewa;Lalacewar da maganin jiyya na fiberglass ɗin hannu yakamata ya zama fasaha mai mahimmanci ga ma'aikatan ginin fiberglass anti-corrosion.Yin amfani da waɗannan fasahohin yana da ma'ana mai kyau don tabbatar da rayuwar sabis da kyakkyawan tasirin juriya na lalata.
Akwai lahani masu inganci da yawa a cikin fiberglass ɗin hannu, babba da ƙanana.A taƙaice, waɗannan abubuwan suna da mahimmanci kuma kai tsaye suna haifar da lalacewa ko gazawar fiberglass.Baya ga guje wa waɗannan lahani yayin ayyukan gine-gine, ana iya ɗaukar matakan gyara na gaba kamar kiyayewa don biyan buƙatun inganci iri ɗaya kamar fiberglass gabaɗaya.Idan lahanin ba zai iya cika buƙatun amfani ba, ba za a iya gyara shi ba kuma za'a iya sake yin aiki da sake gina shi.Sabili da haka, yin amfani da gilashin fiberglass na hannu don kawar da lahani kamar yadda zai yiwu a lokacin aikin ginin shine mafita mafi mahimmanci da tsarin tattalin arziki.
1. Fiberglass "farin fallasa"
Tufafin fiberglas ya kamata a jiƙa da mannen guduro, kuma farar da aka fallasa tana nuna cewa wasu yadudduka ba su da wani manne ko ɗan ɗanɗano.Babban dalili shi ne cewa gilashin gilashin ya gurɓata ko ya ƙunshi kakin zuma, wanda ya haifar da rashin cikawa;Danko na resin m abu yana da yawa, yana sa ya zama da wuya a yi amfani da shi ko kuma an dakatar da kayan da aka yi da resin a kan gashin ido na gilashin gilashi;Cakuda mara kyau da tarwatsa mannen guduro, rashin cikawa ko ɓangarorin ciko mai yawa;Ba daidai ba aikace-aikace na guduro m, tare da rasa ko rashin isasshen aikace-aikace na guduro m.Maganin shine a yi amfani da kyallen gilashin da ba shi da kakin zuma ko kuma kyalle da aka lalata sosai kafin a yi gini don kiyaye masana'anta da tsabta kuma kada ta gurɓace;Danko na resin m kayan aiki ya kamata ya dace, kuma don ginawa a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, yana da mahimmanci don daidaita danko na resin adhesive abu a cikin lokaci;Lokacin motsa guduro mai tarwatsewa, dole ne a yi amfani da injin motsa jiki don tabbatar da tarwatsewa ba tare da clumping ko clumping ba;Kyakkyawan filler ɗin da aka zaɓa dole ne ya fi ragar raga 120, kuma ya kamata ya zama cikakke kuma a ko'ina cikin tarwatsawa a cikin kayan manne na resin.
2. Fiberglass tare da ƙananan abun ciki ko babba
A lokacin aikin samar da fiberglass, idan abun ciki mai mannewa ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, yana da sauƙi ga zanen fiberglass don samar da lahani kamar fararen fata, farar fata, shimfidawa, da kwasfa, yana haifar da raguwar ƙarfin interlayer da raguwa a ciki. da inji Properties na fiberglass;Idan abun ciki na m ya yi yawa, za a sami lahani na "sagging".Babban dalilin da aka rasa shafi, yana haifar da "ƙananan manne" saboda rashin isasshen sutura.Lokacin da adadin mannen da aka yi amfani da shi ya yi kauri sosai, yana kaiwa zuwa "high manne";Dankowar kayan mannewa na resin bai dace ba, tare da babban danko da babban abun ciki mai mannewa, ƙarancin danko, da diluent mai yawa.Bayan warkewa, abun cikin manne yayi ƙasa da ƙasa.Magani: Gudanar da danko yadda ya kamata, daidaita danko na mannen guduro a kowane lokaci.Lokacin da danko ya yi ƙasa, ɗauki hanyoyin shafa da yawa don tabbatar da abun ciki na mannen guduro.Lokacin da danko yana da girma ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, ana iya amfani da diluents don shafe shi yadda ya kamata;Lokacin shafa manne, kula da daidaiton rufin, kuma kada a shafa manne mai yawa ko kadan, ko sirara ko kauri.
3. Fiberglas surface ya zama m
A lokacin aikin gina fiberglass ƙarfafa filastik, samfurori suna da wuyar yin mannewa bayan sun hadu da iska, wanda ke dadewa na dogon lokaci.Babban dalilin wannan lahani mai danko shi ne, zafi a cikin iska yana da yawa, musamman don magance resin epoxy da polyester, wanda ke da tasiri na jinkirtawa da kuma hanawa.Hakanan yana iya haifar da mannewa na dindindin ko rashin cikakkiyar lahani na dogon lokaci akan saman fiberglass;Matsakaicin wakili ko mai farawa ba daidai ba ne, adadin bai dace da ƙayyadaddun buƙatun ba, ko saman ya zama m saboda gazawar;Oxygen a cikin iska yana da tasiri mai hanawa akan warkar da resin polyester ko resin vinyl, tare da yin amfani da benzoyl peroxide yana da mahimmanci;Akwai juzu'i da yawa na ma'aikatan haɗin gwiwa a cikin resin saman samfurin, kamar yawa juzu'i na styrene a cikin resin polyester da resin vinyl, yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa cikin daidaito da gazawar warkewa.Maganinta shine cewa yanayin zafi a cikin yanayin gini dole ne ya kasance ƙasa da 80%.Game da 0.02% paraffin ko 5% isocyanate za'a iya ƙarawa zuwa resin polyester ko resin vinyl;Rufe saman tare da fim ɗin filastik don ware shi daga iska;Kafin resin gelation, bai kamata a yi zafi ba don kauce wa zafin jiki mai yawa, kula da yanayin samun iska mai kyau, da kuma rage rashin daidaituwa na kayan aiki masu tasiri.
4. Akwai kumfa da yawa a cikin kayan fiberglass
Kayayyakin fiberglass suna samar da kumfa da yawa, galibi saboda yawan amfani da mannen guduro ko kasancewar kumfa da yawa a cikin mannen guduro;Dankowar mannen guduro ya yi tsayi da yawa, kuma iskar da aka shigo da ita a lokacin da ake hadawa ba a fitar da ita kuma ta kasance a cikin mannen guduro;Zaɓin da ba daidai ba ko gurɓata kayan gilashi;Ayyukan ginin da ba daidai ba, barin kumfa;Fuskar tushen tushe ba daidai ba ne, ba a daidaita shi ba, ko kuma akwai babban curvature a wurin jujjuya kayan aiki.Don maganin kumfa mai yawa a cikin samfuran fiberglass, sarrafa abun ciki na resin m da hanyar haɗawa;Ƙara diluents daidai ko inganta yanayin muhalli don rage danko na mannen guduro;Zaɓi zanen gilashin da ba a murɗa ba wanda ke cikin sauƙin jiƙa ta hanyar mannen resin, ba tare da gurɓata ba, mai tsabta da bushe;Tsaya matakin tushe kuma cika wuraren da ba daidai ba tare da putty;Hanyar tsomawa, gogewa, da mirgina hanyoyin da aka zaɓa bisa nau'ikan nau'ikan mannen guduro da kayan ƙarfafawa.
5. Rashin lahani a cikin fiberglass m kwarara
Babban dalilin kwararar samfuran fiberglass shine cewa danko na kayan resin ya yi ƙasa sosai;Abubuwan da ke tattare da su ba su da daidaituwa, suna haifar da rashin daidaituwa gel da lokacin warkewa;Adadin maganin da ake amfani da shi don mannen guduro bai isa ba.Maganin shine don ƙara silica foda mai aiki daidai, tare da sashi na 2% -3%.Lokacin shirya mannen guduro, dole ne a zuga shi sosai kuma ya kamata a daidaita adadin maganin da ake amfani da shi yadda ya kamata.
6. Delamination lahani a cikin fiberglass
Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da lahani a cikin fiberglass, kuma a taƙaice, akwai mahimman abubuwa da yawa: kakin zuma ko lalatawar da ba ta cika ba a kan rigar fiberglass, gurɓatawa ko danshi akan zanen fiberglass;Dankowar kayan ɗorawa na resin ya yi yawa, kuma bai shiga cikin idon masana'anta ba;A lokacin ginin, gilashin gilashin yana da sako-sako, ba manne ba, kuma yana da kumfa da yawa;Ƙirƙirar manne na resin bai dace ba, yana haifar da mummunan aikin haɗin gwiwa, wanda zai iya haifar da jinkirin jinkirin ko saurin warkarwa a lokacin gina ginin;Rashin rashin dacewa zazzabi na mannen guduro, dumama da wuri ko zafin zafi mai yawa na iya shafar aikin haɗin kai.Magani: Yi amfani da kyalle na fiberglass kyauta;Kula da isasshiyar mannen guduro kuma a shafa da ƙarfi;Karamin zanen gilashin, cire duk wani kumfa, kuma daidaita tsarin aikin mannen guduro;Bai kamata a yi zafi da ɗanɗano na resin kafin haɗawa ba, kuma ana buƙatar tantance yanayin zafin fiberglass wanda ke buƙatar magani bayan warkewa ta hanyar gwaji.
7. Magance mara kyau da rashin cikakkiyar lahani na fiberglass
Fiberglass ƙarfafa filastik (FRP) sau da yawa yana nuna rashin lafiya ko rashin cikawa, kamar filaye mai laushi da m tare da ƙarancin ƙarfi.Babban dalilai na waɗannan lahani sune rashin wadatar ko rashin amfani da magunguna;Yayin ginin, idan yanayin yanayin ya yi ƙasa sosai ko kuma zafin iska ya yi yawa, shayar da ruwa zai yi tsanani.Magani shine a yi amfani da ƙwararrun magunguna masu inganci, daidaita adadin maganin da ake amfani da su, da ƙara yawan zafin jiki ta wurin dumama lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa.Lokacin da zafi ya wuce 80%, ginin fiberglass an haramta shi sosai;Ana ba da shawarar cewa babu buƙatar gyara idan akwai rashin lafiya ko rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci ba tare da warkewa ba, kuma kawai sake yin aiki da sake kwanciya.
Baya ga al’amuran da aka ambata a sama, akwai nakasu da yawa a cikin kayayyakin fiberglass na hannu, babba ko karami, wanda hakan kan iya shafar inganci da rayuwar kayayyakin fiberglass, musamman wajen aikin injiniya na hana lalata, wanda zai iya yin illa ga anti-corrosion. -lalata da juriya rayuwa.Daga yanayin tsaro, lahani a cikin fiberglass mai ɗaukar nauyi mai ɗaukar nauyi na iya haifar da manyan haɗari kai tsaye, kamar leaks na acid, alkali, ko wasu kafofin watsa labarai masu ƙarfi.Fiberglass wani abu ne na musamman wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa daban-daban, kuma ƙirƙirar wannan kayan haɗin gwiwar yana ƙuntata ta hanyoyi daban-daban yayin aikin ginin;Sabili da haka, hanyar samar da fiberglass na hannun hannu yana da sauƙi kuma mai dacewa, ba tare da buƙatar kayan aiki da kayan aiki da yawa ba;Koyaya, tsarin gyare-gyaren yana buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu, ƙwararrun dabarun aiki, da fahimtar dalilai da mafita na lahani.A cikin ainihin gini, wajibi ne don kauce wa samuwar lahani.A haƙiƙa, sanya fiberglass ɗin hannu ba “aikin hannu” na al’ada ba ne da mutane ke zato, amma hanyar gini ne tare da ƙwarewar aiki mai girma da ba ta da sauƙi.Marubucin ya yi fatan cewa masu aikin gida na fiberglass na hannu za su kiyaye ruhin sana'a kuma su ɗauki kowane gini a matsayin kyakkyawan "hannu";Don haka za a rage lahani na samfuran fiberglass sosai, ta yadda za a cimma burin "lalacewar sifili" a cikin gilashin fiberglass ɗin hannu, da ƙirƙirar fiberglass mafi kyau da mara lahani "aikin hannu".
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-11-2023
