Resin Canja wurin gyare-gyare (RTM) tsari ne na yau da kullun na ruwa don gyare-gyaren ruwa na fiber-ƙarfafa resin kayan haɗin gwal, wanda galibi ya haɗa da:
(1) Zane-zanen fiber preforms bisa ga sifa da buƙatun aikin injiniya na abubuwan da ake buƙata;
(2) Sanya preform fiber preform preform a cikin mold, rufe mold kuma damfara shi don samun daidaitaccen juzu'in juzu'in fiber preform;
(3) Ƙarƙashin kayan aikin allura na musamman, allurar resin a cikin mold a wani matsa lamba da zafin jiki don kawar da iska da nutsar da shi a cikin preform na fiber;
(4) Bayan preform na fiber preform an nutsar da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin guduro, ana aiwatar da maganin warkewa a wani zafin jiki har sai an kammala maganin warkewa, kuma an fitar da samfurin ƙarshe.
Matsi na canja wurin guduro shine babban siga wanda yakamata a sarrafa shi a cikin tsarin RTM.Ana amfani da wannan matsa lamba don shawo kan juriya da aka fuskanta yayin allura a cikin kogon ƙura da nutsar da kayan ƙarfafawa.Lokacin guduro don kammala watsawa yana da alaƙa da matsa lamba na tsarin da zafin jiki, kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci na iya inganta ingantaccen samarwa.Amma idan yawan kwararar guduro ya yi yawa, manne ba zai iya shiga cikin kayan ƙarfafawa a cikin lokaci ba, kuma hatsarori na iya faruwa saboda karuwar matsa lamba na tsarin.Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar gabaɗaya cewa matakin ruwa na guduro yana shiga cikin mold yayin aiwatar da canja wuri kada ya tashi da sauri fiye da 25mm/min.Kula da tsarin canja wurin guduro ta hanyar lura da tashar fitarwa.Yawancin lokaci ana ɗauka cewa an kammala aikin canja wurin lokacin da duk tashoshin lura a kan ƙirar sun cika manne kuma ba su sake sakin kumfa ba, kuma ainihin adadin guduro da aka ƙara daidai yake da adadin guduro da ake sa ran ya kara.Saboda haka, ya kamata a yi la'akari da saitin wuraren shaye-shaye.
Zaɓin guduro
Zaɓin tsarin guduro shine mabuɗin aiwatar da RTM.Mafi kyawun danko shine 0.025-0.03Pa • s lokacin da aka saki resin a cikin kogon gyare-gyare kuma cikin sauri ya shiga cikin zaruruwa.Polyester resin yana da ɗan ɗanko kaɗan kuma ana iya kammala shi ta hanyar allurar sanyi a zafin jiki.Koyaya, saboda buƙatun aikin samfuri daban-daban, za a zaɓi nau'ikan resins daban-daban, kuma ɗanɗanonsu ba zai zama iri ɗaya ba.Don haka, ya kamata a tsara girman bututun bututun da kan allura don biyan buƙatun kwarara na abubuwan da suka dace na musamman.Resins masu dacewa da tsarin RTM sun haɗa da guduro polyester, guduro epoxy, guduro phenolic, guduro polyimide, da sauransu.
Zaɓin kayan ƙarfafawa
A cikin tsarin RTM, ana iya zaɓar kayan ƙarfafawa kamar fiber gilashi, fiber graphite, fiber carbon, silicon carbide, da fiber aramid.Za'a iya zaɓar nau'ikan iri bisa ga buƙatun ƙira, gami da gajerun zaruruwa masu yanke, yadudduka marasa jagora, yadudduka masu yawa, saƙa, saka, kayan asali, ko preforms.
Daga hangen nesa na aikin samfurin, sassan da aka samar da wannan tsari suna da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar fiber kuma za'a iya tsara su tare da ƙarfafa fiber na gida bisa ga takamaiman nau'in sassan, wanda ke da amfani don inganta aikin samfurin.Daga mahangar farashin samarwa, 70% na farashin kayan haɗin gwiwar ya fito ne daga farashin masana'anta.Sabili da haka, yadda za a rage farashin masana'antu wani muhimmin al'amari ne wanda yake buƙatar gaggawa a warware shi a cikin haɓaka kayan haɗin gwiwar.Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar tanki mai zafi na gargajiya don kera kayan haɗin gwal na tushen guduro, tsarin RTM baya buƙatar jikin tanki mai tsada, yana rage farashin masana'anta.Bugu da ƙari, sassan da tsarin RTM ke ƙera ba su da iyaka da girman tanki, kuma girman girman sassan yana da sauƙi, wanda zai iya ƙera manyan kayan aiki masu mahimmanci.Gabaɗaya, tsarin RTM an yi amfani da shi sosai kuma yana haɓaka cikin sauri a fagen kera kayan haɗin gwiwa, kuma yana daure ya zama babban tsari a cikin masana'antar kayan haɗin gwiwa.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, samfuran kayan haɗaka a cikin masana'antar kera sararin samaniya sun ƙaura sannu a hankali daga abubuwan da ba sa ɗaukar kaya da ƙananan kayan aiki zuwa manyan abubuwan ɗaukar kaya da manyan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.Akwai buƙatar gaggawa don masana'anta na manyan abubuwa masu haɗaka da manyan ayyuka.Don haka, an haɓaka matakai irin su vacuum helped resin transfer gyare-gyare (VA-RTM) da gyare-gyaren guduro mai haske (L-RTM).
Vacuum taimakon guduro canja wurin gyare-gyaren tsari VA-RTM tsari
Tsarin gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren guduro mai taimako VA-RTM fasaha ce ta tsari wacce aka samu daga tsarin RTM na gargajiya.Babban tsarin wannan tsari shi ne yin amfani da famfunan bututun ruwa da sauran kayan aiki don zubar da ciki na mold inda fiber preform yake, ta yadda za a yi amfani da resin a cikin gyaggyarawa a ƙarƙashin aikin vacuum korau matsa lamba, cimma tsarin infiltration. da fiber preform, kuma a karshe karfafa da kafa a cikin mold don samun da ake bukata siffar da fiber girma juzu'i na hadaddun abu sassa.
Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar RTM na gargajiya, fasahar VA-RTM tana amfani da injin famfo a cikin ƙirar, wanda zai iya rage matsa lamba a cikin ƙirar kuma ya rage girman nakasar ƙirar ƙira da fiber preform, ta haka yana rage abubuwan da ake buƙata na tsari don kayan aiki da ƙira. .Hakanan yana ba da damar fasahar RTM ta yi amfani da gyare-gyare masu sauƙi, wanda ke da amfani don rage farashin samarwa.Don haka, wannan fasaha ta fi dacewa da kera manyan sassa na haɗe-haɗe, Misali, kumfa sandwich composite plate na ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su a filin sararin samaniya.
Gabaɗaya, tsarin VA-RTM ya dace sosai don shirya manyan abubuwan haɗin sararin samaniya masu inganci.Koyaya, wannan tsari har yanzu ana sarrafa injina na ɗan lokaci a China, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin ingancin masana'anta.Bugu da ƙari, ƙirar sigogin tsari galibi ya dogara da ƙwarewa, kuma har yanzu ba a cimma ƙira mai hankali ba, yana mai da wahala a sarrafa ingancin samfur daidai.A lokaci guda kuma, bincike da yawa sun yi nuni da cewa, ana samun sauƙin samar da matsi na matsa lamba a cikin alkiblar guduro yayin wannan tsari, musamman lokacin amfani da buhunan buhunan ruwa, za a sami wani matsi na shakatawa a gaban magudanar ruwan guduro, wanda hakan zai haifar da da mai ido. yana shafar kutsawar guduro, yana haifar da kumfa don yin kumfa a cikin kayan aikin, da rage kayan aikin injin.A lokaci guda, m matsa lamba rarraba zai haifar da m kauri rarraba workpiece, shafi bayyanar ingancin na karshe workpiece, Wannan kuma wani fasaha kalubale da cewa fasahar har yanzu bukatar warware.
Tsarin canja wurin guduro haske tsari na L-RTM
Tsarin L-RTM don gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren guduro mai nauyi sabon nau'in fasaha ne da aka haɓaka bisa tushen fasahar tsari na VA-RTM na gargajiya.Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wannan adadi, babban fasalin wannan fasaha na tsari shine cewa ƙananan ƙirar yana ɗaukar ƙarfe ko wani tsattsauran ƙirar ƙira, kuma ƙwayar na sama tana ɗaukar nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i mara nauyi.An ƙera ƙwanƙolin ciki tare da tsarin rufewa biyu, kuma ana gyara ƙirar na sama a waje ta hanyar injin, yayin da ciki yana amfani da injin don gabatar da guduro.Saboda yin amfani da wani m mold a cikin babba mold na wannan tsari, da kuma injin yanayi a cikin mold, matsa lamba a cikin mold da masana'antu kudin na mold kanta an rage ƙwarai.Wannan fasaha na iya kera manyan sassa masu haɗaka.Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin VA-RTM na al'ada, kauri daga cikin sassan da aka samu ta wannan tsari ya fi daidaituwa kuma ingancin saman sama da ƙasa ya fi girma.A lokaci guda, za a iya sake amfani da yin amfani da kayan da ba su da ƙarfi a cikin mold na sama, Wannan fasaha yana guje wa sharar gida na jakunkuna a cikin tsarin VA-RTM, yana sa ya dace sosai don kera sassan sassa na sararin samaniya tare da buƙatu masu inganci.
Koyaya, a cikin ainihin tsarin samarwa, har yanzu akwai wasu matsalolin fasaha a cikin wannan tsari:
(1) Saboda amfani da Semi-m kayan a cikin babba mold, kasa rigidity na kayan iya sauƙi kai ga rushewa a lokacin injin kafaffen mold tsari, sakamakon m kauri na workpiece da kuma shafi ta surface quality.A lokaci guda kuma, tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma yana rinjayar tsawon rayuwar ƙirar kanta.Yadda za a zabi wani abu mai tsauri mai dacewa kamar yadda ƙirar L-RTM ɗaya ce daga cikin matsalolin fasaha a cikin aikace-aikacen wannan tsari.
(2) Saboda yin amfani da injin famfo a cikin tsarin fasaha na L-RTM, hatimin gyare-gyaren yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaba mai kyau na tsari.Rashin isassun hatimi na iya haifar da ƙarancin kutsewar guduro a cikin kayan aikin, don haka yana shafar aikin sa.Sabili da haka, fasahar rufe mold yana ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin fasaha a cikin aikace-aikacen wannan tsari.
(3) Resin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin tsarin L-RTM ya kamata ya kula da ƙananan danko yayin aikin cikawa don rage matsa lamba na allura da inganta rayuwar sabis na mold.Haɓaka matrix resin mai dacewa yana ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin fasaha a cikin aikace-aikacen wannan tsari.
(4) A cikin tsarin L-RTM, yawanci ya zama dole don tsara tashoshi masu gudana akan mold don haɓaka kwararar guduro iri ɗaya.Idan ƙirar tashar tashar kwarara ba ta da ma'ana, zai iya haifar da lahani irin su busassun busassun da mai mai yawa a cikin sassan, yana da matukar tasiri ga ingancin ƙarshe na sassan.Musamman ga hadaddun sassa uku-girma, yadda za a zana mold kwarara tashar da hankali shi ma daya daga cikin fasaha matsaloli a cikin aikace-aikace na wannan tsari.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-18-2024
